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Palo Alto Networks SD-WAN-Engineer Palo Alto Networks SD-WAN Engineer Exam

Posted on December 16, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

SD-WAN-Engineer validate skills across vendors like Palo Alto Networks (Prisma SD-WAN), Cisco, and MEF, covering design, deployment, management, security, and troubleshooting in vendor-neutral or specific platforms, with details varying by vendor (e.g., Palo Alto: $250, Pearson VUE; MEF: $420, 50 Qs/90 min). Key aspects include architecture, policy design, operations, troubleshooting, and often align with SASE/security roles, preparing engineers for high-demand network transformation.

This certification is designed for technical professionals who deploy, manage, and troubleshoot Prisma SD-WAN environments. Ideal candidates include SD-WAN/SASE engineers, professional services consultants, and network engineers/administrators.

Key SD-WAN Certifications & Details
Here are details for major SD-WAN engineer certifications:
1. Palo Alto Networks SD-WAN Engineer (Prisma SD-WAN)
Focus: End-to-end Prisma SD-WAN lifecycle (planning, design, deployment, management, troubleshooting).
Audience: Network/Security Engineers, SASE specialists.
Format: Multiple-choice, English, Pearson VUE.
Cost: Around $250 USD (check official sites for exact pricing).

2. MEF-SDCP (SD-WAN Certified Professional) (Vendor-Neutral)
Focus: Vendor-neutral SD-WAN, security, performance monitoring, concepts, architecture, and operations.
Format: 50 Questions, 90 Minutes.
Cost: $420 USD (or currency equivalent).

3. Cisco SD-WAN Certifications
Focus: Cisco’s SD-WAN solution (vEdge/cEdge), including migration, routing, controllers, QoS, and AppQoE.
Exam Example: 300-415 ENSDWI (Implementing Cisco SD-WAN Solutions) for CCNP Enterprise.
Format: Varies by exam, often Cisco testing partners.

General Exam Details
Skills Validated: SD-WAN Architecture, Policy Design, Deployment, Troubleshooting, SASE integration, Security.
Delivery: Online Proctored or Pearson VUE Test Centers.
Preparation: Vendor training, practice exams, hands-on labs are recommended.

To get started, identify your preferred vendor (Palo Alto, Cisco, VMware) or if you need a vendor-neutral cert (MEF) and then register via their official education portals or Pearson VUE.

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Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
When identifying devices for IoT classification purposes, which two methods does Prisma SD-WAN
use to discover devices that are not directly connected to the branch ION? (Choose two.)

A. LLDP
B. CDP
C. SNMP
D. Syslog

Answer: C, D

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Prisma SD-WAN (formerly CloudGenix) integrates with Palo Alto Networks IoT Security to provide
comprehensive visibility into all devices at a branch, including those that are not directly connected
to the ION device. While the ION automatically detects and classifies devices connected directly to
its interfaces via traffic inspection (DPI), DHCP, and ARP analysis, gaining visibility into off-branch
devices (devices connected to downstream switches or access points) requires additional discovery
mechanisms that can query the network infrastructure or ingest its logs.
1. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): This is the primary active discovery method for off-branch devices.
The Prisma SD-WAN ION device acts as a sensor that actively polls local network switches and wireless controllers using SNMP.
By querying the ARP tables and MAC address tables
(Bridge MIBs) of these intermediate network devices, the ION can identify endpoints that are
connected to the switch ports, even if those endpoints are not currently sending traffic through the
ION. This allows the system to map the topology and discover silent or lateral-traffic-only devices.
2. Syslog: In conjunction with SNMP, the IoT Security solution can utilize Syslog messages to discover
and profile devices. Network infrastructure devices (like switches and WLAN controllers) can be
configured to send Syslog messages to the collection point (which enables the IoT Security service)
whenever a device connects or disconnects (e.g., port up/down events, DHCP snooping logs, or
802.1x authentication logs). These logs provide real-time data about device presence and identity
(MAC/IP mappings) for devices that are not directly adjacent to the ION, ensuring 100% visibility
across the branch network segments. LLDP (A) and CDP (B) are typically Link Layer discovery
protocols used for discovering directly connected neighbors and do not propagate beyond the
immediate link, making them unsuitable for discovering devices multiple hops away or behind a switch.

QUESTION 2
A network administrator is troubleshooting a critical SaaS application, oeSuperSaaSApp , that is
experiencing connectivity issues. Initially, the configured active and backup paths for the application
were reported as completely down at Layer 3. The Prisma SD-WAN system attempted to route traffic
for the application over an L3 failure path that was explicitly configured as a Standard VPN to Prisma Access.
However, users are still reporting a complete outage for the application and monitoring tools show
application flows being dropped when attempting to use the Standard VPN L3 failure path, even
though the tunnel itself appears to be up. The administrator suspects a policy misconfiguration
related to how the Standard VPN path interacts with destination groups.
What is the most likely reason for flows being dropped when attempting to use the Standard VPN L3 failure path?

A. The oeMove Flows Forced action was not enabled in the performance policy for oeSuperSaaSApp ,
preventing the system from actively shifting traffic to the L3 failure path.
B. The path policy rule for oeSuperSaaSApp has the oeRequired checkbox selected for its Service & DC
Group, but no direct paths were configured alongside it, creating a conflict.
C. The path policy rule explicitly designates a Standard VPN as the L3 failure path, but it does not
include a designated Standard Services and DC Group, causing traffic to be dropped.
D. The Standard VPN in the path policy was not configured to oeMinimize Cellular Usage , leading to
the depletion of metered data and subsequent flow drops.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed According to Palo Alto Networks Prisma SD-WAN administrator documentation regarding Path Policy
configuration, specific rules apply when utilizing Standard VPNs (IPSec tunnels to non-ION devices,
such as Prisma Access or third-party firewalls) as an L3 Failure Path.
When a Path Policy rule is configured, the administrator defines Active Paths, Backup Paths, and L3
Failure Paths. The L3 Failure Path is a “last resort” mechanism used when all Active and Backup paths
are unavailable (Layer 3 down).
If Standard VPN is selected as the L3 Failure Path type, the system explicitly requires that the
administrator also associates it with a specific Standard Services and DC Group within that same policy rule.
The ION device uses the Standard Services and DC Group to identify the specific remote endpoint
(tunnel destination) where the traffic should be routed. Unlike a “Direct” (Internet) path which can
simply route out to the WAN, a Standard VPN represents a logical tunnel. If the policy rule designates
“Standard VPN” as the failure path but leaves the “Standard Services and DC Group” field empty or
unselected, the ION effectively has a directive to “use a VPN” but lacks the instruction on which VPN
group to use for this specific application context. Consequently, even if the IPSec tunnel to Prisma
Access is physically up and stable, the policy engine cannot resolve the next hop for the
“SuperSaaSApp” traffic, resulting in the packets being dropped. To resolve this, the administrator
must edit the Path Policy rule to ensure the specific Standard Service/DC Group representing Prisma
Access is checked/selected for the L3 Failure Path.

QUESTION 3
User-ID integration is configured for a Prisma SD-WAN deployment. Branch-1 has the user-to-IP
mappings available, and User-1 is mapped to I.
To which two use cases can User-ID based zone-based firewall policies be applied? (Choose two.)

A. User-1 accessing a SaaS application on direct internet and source User-ID based zone-based
firewall rules on Branch-1 ION
B. User-1 accessing a private application within Branch-1, and source User-ID based zone-based
firewall rules on Branch-1 ION
C. User-1 accessing a private application in data center via SD-WAN overlay, and destination User-ID
based zone-based firewall rules on DC ION
D. User-1 accessing a private application in Branch-2 via SD-WAN overlay, and destination User-ID
based zone-based firewall rules on Branch-2 ION

Answer: A, B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In Prisma SD-WAN (CloudGenix), Zone-Based Firewall (ZBFW) policies rely on the device’s ability to
map an IP address to a User-ID to enforce identity-based rules. The key to this question is
understanding where the mapping exists and which direction the policy attributes (Source User vs.
Destination User) apply to.
1. Mapping Location (Branch-1): The prompt states that Branch-1 has the user-to-IP mapping for
User-1. For the most effective and scalable security enforcement, policies should be applied at the
source (ingress) device where the traffic originates and where the user identity is known. This
prevents unauthorized traffic from consuming WAN bandwidth only to be dropped at the
destination. Therefore, the Branch-1 ION is the correct enforcement point for User-1’s traffic.
2. Source vs. Destination User:
User-1 is the Source: In all scenarios, User-1 is the initiator of the traffic. Therefore, the security rule
must match on Source User-ID.
Options C and D are incorrect because they suggest using Destination User-ID based rules to control
User-1. Destination User-ID rules are used when the target of the traffic is a known user (e.g., VoIP
calls to a specific user’s phone), not when filtering based on the sender. Furthermore, relying on the
DC or Branch-2 ION to enforce policies for User-1 would require the propagation of User-ID mappings
across the overlay, whereas local enforcement at Branch-1 is the standard architectural model.
3. Valid Use Cases (A and B):
Option A (SaaS/Internet): The Branch-1 ION acts as the internet gateway. It can use the local mapping
(I = User-1) to allow or deny access to specific SaaS applications (Direct Internet Access) based on
the user’s identity (e.g., “Allow Marketing Group to access Social Media”).
Option B (Internal Segmentation): The Branch-1 ION can enforce policies for traffic moving between
local zones (e.g., from a “Users” VLAN to a “Servers” VLAN within the branch). Since the ION routes
this traffic and holds the mapping, it can enforce Source User-ID policies to secure local private applications.

QUESTION 4
A site has two internet circuits: Circuit A with 500 Mbps capacity and Circuit B with 100 Mbps capacity.
Which path policy configuration will ensure traffic is automatically shifted from a saturated circuit to
the circuit with available bandwidth?

A. Circuit A as an active, Circuit B as a backup
B. Circuit B as an active, Circuit A as a backup
C. Both circuits under active path
D. Circuit B as an L3 failure path

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In Prisma SD-WAN (CloudGenix), Path Policies control how application traffic is steered across WAN
links. To ensure that traffic is automatically shifted from a saturated circuit to another circuit with
available bandwidth, both circuits must be configured as Active Paths within the policy rule.
When multiple paths are designated as “Active,” the ION device treats them as a shared pool of
available resources. The system continuously monitors the bandwidth utilization (capacity) and
health (latency, jitter, loss) of all active links. If “Circuit A” (500 Mbps) becomes saturated or
approaches its defined bandwidth limit, the ION’s intelligent scheduler will automatically direct new
application flows to “Circuit B” (100 Mbps) because it is a valid, healthy Active path with available
capacity. This achieves effective load balancing and bandwidth aggregation.
In contrast, configuring “Circuit B” as a Backup Path (Option A or B) creates a strict priority
relationship. Traffic would only move to the Backup path if the Active path completely failed or
violated its configured SLA (Path Quality Profile) significantly enough to be considered “down.” Mere
bandwidth saturation might not trigger an SLA failure immediately, potentially leading to dropped
packets on the saturated link while the backup link remains idle. Therefore, placing Both circuits
under active path is the correct configuration for dynamic capacity management.

QUESTION 5
What is the default action for real-time media applications if link performance is poor?

A. Drop the flow.
B. Move flows.
C. Apply Forward Error Correction (FEC).1
D. Raise an alarm.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed According to the Prisma SD-WAN Performance Policy Default Behavior documentation, the default
action configured for applications (including real-time media) when a path experiences poor
performance (violates the SLA thresholds for latency, jitter, or packet loss) is to Move Flows.
The Prisma SD-WAN ION device continuously monitors the health of all available paths. If the active

XSOAR-Engineer Palo Alto Networks XSOAR Engineer Exam

Posted on December 12, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

Key Exam Details
Focus: Practical & theoretical understanding of Cortex XSOAR for SOC automation.
Format: Multiple-choice questions (MCQs).
Duration: 90 minutes.
Cost: ~
Delivery:
Language: English.

Main Exam Domains & Topics
Planning, Installation, & Maintenance (14%): Authentication, engine deployment, dev/prod management, Marketplace, troubleshooting.
Use Case Planning & Development (22%): Incident/indicator lifecycles, layouts, classifiers, mappers, incident creation, playbook/SLA development.
Playbook Development (30%): Task inputs/outputs, context data, sub-playbooks, filters, transformers, automation scripts (Python/JS).
Incident Interactions & Reporting (16%): War room, dashboards, reports, analyst tasks, MITRE ATT&CK.
System Administration & Integrations (18%): Data ingestion, normalization, API knowledge, system health.

Level: Specialist
Format: Certification
Platform: Security Operations

This certification validates experienced security operations engineers on their knowledge, skills, and abilities in onboarding, deployment, integration, playbook creation and automation scripting, content lifecycle management, and system troubleshooting using Cortex XSOAR in security operations environments.

Target Audience & Skills
Roles: SOC Engineers, XSOAR Specialists, Automation Engineers, Security Architects.
Skills: Incident response, scripting (Python/JS), JSON, REST APIs, SIEM/EDR/Threat Intel integration, data transformation.

This certification is designed for security operations engineers, security engineers, XSOAR specialists, SOC engineers, automation engineers, playbook developers, security architects, and support engineers responsible for deploying, configuring, integrating, managing, and troubleshooting Cortex XSOAR environments.

Description Certification Objectives
This certification validates experienced security operations engineers on their knowledge, skills, and abilities in onboarding, deployment, integration, playbook creation and automation scripting, content lifecycle management, and system troubleshooting using Cortex XSOAR in security operations environments.

Standard
With standard delivery you will receive two emails within 3-4 hours of your purchase. The first email will be an order confirmation, and the second will include your voucher and registration information. Make sure to check your spam and junk folders.

All exam vouchers expire twelve (12) months after the date of purchase. You must schedule and take the applicable exam within twelve (12) months of purchase.

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Sample Question and Answer

QUESTION 1
Which two advanced attributes can be applied to incident fields when editing? (Choose two.)

A. Set a field trigger script
B. Associate to an incident type
C. Change field type
D. Change field name

Answer: AB

QUESTION 2
Given an incident with three files, how could the name of the second file be referenced?

A. ${Files.[2].Name}
B. ${Files.Name.[2]}
C. ${File.[1].Name}
D. ${File.Name.[1]}

Answer: D

QUESTION 3
Which component can be part of a load balancing group?

A. Distributed database
B. D2 agent
C. Engine
D. Load balancing server

Answer: C

QUESTION 4
Which method accesses a field called â€˜User Mail in a playbook?

A. ${incident.usermail}
B. ${incident.User Mail}
C. ${incident.UserMail}
D. ${usermail}

Answer: A

QUESTION 5
A SOC manager built a dashboard and would like to share the dashboard with other team members.
How would the SOC manager create a dashboard that meets this requirement?

A. Manually share the dashboard through user emails
B. Dashboard is shared to all XSOAR users
C. Propagate the dashboard based on SAML authentication
D. Dashboard is shared to all XSOAR users in a selected role

Answer: D

NetSec-Analyst Palo Alto Networks Network Security Analyst Exam

Posted on November 17, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

NetSec-Analyst Palo Alto Networks Network Security Analyst Exam

Level: Specialist
Format: Certification
Platform: Network Security

Introduction
How to Use This Handbook This Certification Handbook will serve as the first source of information and provides individuals with the information needed to understand and complete the certification process. The Handbook is considered required reading for all candidates. All individuals who desire to become certified must comply with the policies, procedures, and deadlines laid out in this Handbook.

Statement of Impartiality Palo Alto Networks Education Services understands the importance of impartiality and the consideration of any potential conflicts of interest in carrying out its certification activities. Palo Alto Networks commits itself to impartiality in its certification activities. Decisions on certification programs shall be made in accordance with established policies and procedures. Policies and procedures affecting applicants, candidates, and certified persons are made public to convey information fairly and accurately about the certification program. Palo Alto Networks is committed to identifying and assessing risks in all related certification activities that may result in a conflict of interest or pose a threat to impartiality. Palo Alto Networks applies the following principles to maintain impartiality:

● Objectivity
● Neutrality
● Fairness
● Equality

Exam Overview
How Are Exams Developed? Palo Alto Networks follows industry standards and best practices to create and update all exams. Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) are involved in every step of the exam development process, which is overseen by Palo Alto Networks testing professionals. Palo Alto Networks exams contain a variety of questions or item types that require you to use your knowledge, skills, or experience to select the best answer.

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Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
DRAG DROP
Match the Palo Alto Networks Security Operating Platform architecture to its description.
Answer:
Explanation:
Threat Intelligence Cloud “ Gathers, analyzes, correlates, and disseminates threats to and from the
network and endpoints located within the network.
Next-Generation Firewall “ Identifies and inspects all traffic to block known threats
Advanced Endpoint Protection – Inspects processes and files to prevent known and unknown exploits

QUESTION 2
Which firewall plane provides configuration, logging, and reporting functions on a separate processor?

A. control
B. network processing
C. data
D. security processing

Answer: A

QUESTION 3
A security administrator has configured App-ID updates to be automatically downloaded and
installed. The company is currently using an application identified by App-ID as SuperApp_base.
On a content update notice, Palo Alto Networks is adding new app signatures labeled SuperApp_chat
and SuperApp_download, which will be deployed in 30 days.
Based on the information, how is the SuperApp traffic affected after the 30 days have passed?

A. All traffic matching the SuperApp_chat, and SuperApp_download is denied because it no longer matches the SuperApp-base application
B. No impact because the apps were automatically downloaded and installed
C. No impact because the firewall automatically adds the rules to the App-ID interface
D. All traffic matching the SuperApp_base, SuperApp_chat, and SuperApp_download is denied until the security administrator approves the applications

Answer: A

QUESTION 4
How many zones can an interface be assigned with a Palo Alto Networks firewall?

A. two
B. three
C. four
D. one

Answer: D

QUESTION 5
Which two configuration settings shown are not the default? (Choose two.)

A. Enable Security Log
B. Server Log Monitor Frequency (sec)
C. Enable Session
D. Enable Probing

Answer: B,C

XSIAM-Engineer Palo Alto Networks XSIAM Engineer Exam

Posted on November 1, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

Level: Specialist
Format: Certification
Platform: Security Operations

The Palo Alto Networks Certifi ed XSIAM Engineer certifi cation is designed to validate the knowledge and skills required to use the Palo Alto Networks XSIAM platform for installation, deployment confi guration, post-deployment management and confi guration, data source onboarding and integration confi guration, playbook creation, and detection engineering. The purpose of this document is to help you prepare for the exam and attain the certifi cation. Please note that this document is intended to help identify the topics covered and to provide resources and references for understanding those topics. It is not intended to be used as the sole document to prepare for the XSIAM Engineer exam.

Audience and Qualifications

Target Audience
This exam is designed for the XSIAM engineers and SIEM engineers responsible for installation, deployment confi guration, post-deployment management and confi guration, data source onboarding and integration confi guration, playbook creation, and detection engineering.

Skills Required
● Working knowledge of security operations
● Basic understanding of network security, infrastructure, protocols, and topology
● Working knowledge of endpoint OS fundamentals and security hardening methods
● Working knowledge of SIEM and security operations technology
● Basic knowledge of current and emergent trends in information security
● Use security models / architectures (e.g., defense-in-depth, Zero Trust)
● Working knowledge of programming and scripting languages (i.e., Python, Powershell, SQL, RegEx, XQL)
● Ability to implement automation and orchestration for effi cient incident handling
● Ability to ingest data from threat and vulnerability feeds and determine applicability to the organization
● Working knowledge of log source onboarding, log normalization, and parsing
● Ability to integrate products and tools, including third-party products and tools
● Ability to confi gure agents, including policies and profi les
● Ability to ensure the availability, integrity, and security of data through monitoring
● Working knowledge of security frameworks (e.g., MITRE ATT&CK)
● Basic understanding of vulnerability management
● Basic understanding of threat intelligence management
● Familiarity with common data formats and data transformation (e.g., JSON, XML, CEF)
● Basic understanding of SaaS architectures

1. Planning and Installation 22%
1 Evaluate the existing IT infrastructure and security posture to align with XSIAM architecture 1.2 Evaluate deployment requirements, objectives, and resources 1.2.1 Hardware 1.2.2 Software 1.2.3 Data sources 1.2.4 Integrations 1.3 Identify communication requirements for XSIAM components 1.4 Install and confi gure Cortex XSIAM components 1.4.1 Agents 1.4.2 Broker VM 1.4.3 Engine 1.5 Confi gure user roles, permissions, and access controls 2.

Integration and Automation 30%
1 Onboard data sources (e.g., endpoint, network, cloud, identity) 2.2 Confi gure automation and feed integrations (e.g., messaging, SIEM, authentication, threat intelligence feeds) 2.3 Implement and maintain Marketplace content packs 2.4 Manage automation workfl ow 2.4.1 Plan 2.4.2 Playbook tasks 2.4.3 Customize 2.4.4 Debug 3.

Content Optimization 24%
1 Deploy parsing rules for unique data formats 3.2 Deploy data modeling rules for data normalization 3.3 Manage detection rules to align with provided requirements 3.3.1 Correlation 3.3.2 Indicators of compromise (IOCs) and behavioral indicators of compromise (BIOCs) 3.3.3 Indicator rules 3.3.4 Scoring rules 3.3.5 Attack Surface Management (ASM) rules 3.4 Manage incident and alert layout 3.5 Create custom dashboards and reporting templates 4.

Maintenance and Troubleshooting 24 %
1 Manage exception and exclusion confi gurations 4.2 Manage XSIAM software component updates (e.g., content, XDR agent, XDR collector, Broker VM) 4.3 Troubleshoot data management issues (e.g., data ingestion, normalization, parsing) 4.4 Troubleshoot Cortex XSIAM components (e.g., agents, integrations, playbooks)

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Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
How will Cortex XSIAM help with raw log ingestion from third-party sources in an existing infrastructure?

A. Any structured logs coming into it are left completely unchanged, and only metadata is added to the raw data.
B. For structured logs, like CEF, LEEF, and JSON, it decouples the key-value pairs and saves them in table format.
C. Any unstructured logs coming into it are left completely unchanged, and metadata is not added to the raw data.
D. For unstructured logs, it decouples the key-value pairs and saves them in a table format.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Cortex XSIAM ingests structured third-party logs (such as CEF, LEEF, and JSON) by breaking down the
key-value pairs and saving them in a normalized table format. This enables efficient correlation,
analytics, and query performance across diverse log sources while preserving data fidelity.

QUESTION 2
In which two locations can correlation rules be monitored for errors? (Choose two.)

A. XDR Collector audit logs (type = Rules, subtype = Error)
B. correlations_auditing dataset through XQL
C. Management audit logs (type = Rules, subtype = Error)
D. Alerts table as a health alert

Answer: A, B

Explanation:
Correlation rule errors can be tracked in XDR Collector audit logs (type = Rules, subtype = Error) and
by querying the correlations_auditing dataset through XQL. These provide visibility into execution
issues and failures for correlation rules.

QUESTION 3
Which option should be used when customizing a dashboard in Cortex XSIAM to include a widget
that will display data filtered by more than one dynamic value?

A. Free text/number
B. Multi-select
C. Fixed filter
D. Single-select

Answer: B

Explanation:
The Multi-select option allows a dashboard widget in Cortex XSIAM to be filtered by more than one
dynamic value, enabling flexible data exploration and visualization across multiple selected criteria.

QUESTION 4
How must Cloud Identity Engine be deployed and activated on Cortex XSIAM?

A. In a different region than Cortex XSIAM; logs can be verified using pan_dss_raw dataset
B. In a different region than Cortex XSIAM; logs can be verified using endpoints dataset
C. In the same region as Cortex XSIAM; logs can be verified using pan_dss_raw dataset
D. In the same region as Cortex XSIAM; logs can be verified using endpoints dataset

Answer: C

Explanation:
Cloud Identity Engine must be deployed in the same region as Cortex XSIAM to ensure compliance
and proper data handling. Once integrated, the ingestion can be verified by checking the
pan_dss_raw dataset, which records the raw directory synchronization logs.

QUESTION 5
Which common issue can result in sudden data ingestion loss for a data source that was previously successful?

A. Data source is using an unsupported data format.
B. Data source has reached its maximum storage capacity.
C. Data source has reached its end of life for support.
D. API key used for the integration has expired.

Answer: D

Explanation:
A sudden data ingestion loss for a previously successful data source commonly occurs when the API
key used for the integration has expired, breaking authentication and preventing further log collection.

NETSEC-PRO Palo Alto Networks Certified Network Security Professional Exam

Posted on June 9, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

Level: Professional
Format: Certification
Platform: Network Security

This certification validates knowledge and understanding of all products and services in the Palo Alto Networks Network Security solution, their use cases, and how they are applicable to an organization. It also validates the ability to use, maintain, and configure network security products at an entry level and the ability to perform basic network security product installation and deployment.

This certification is designed for networking and security professionals responsible for installing, deploying, operating, or administering the Palo Alto Networks portfolio of network security products.

To prepare for this certification exam, we recommend that you first review the topics and subtopics in the datasheet, and then complete the courses found in the digital learning path as needed.

Palo Alto Networks certifications validate job-ready cybersecurity skills, instilling credibility and confidence. The resources provided below offer comprehensive information to help you navigate and successfully complete the end-to-end certification process.

Palo Alto Networks Certification Handbook
Palo Alto Networks Candidate Agreement
Certification Program FAQs

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Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
Which procedure is most effective for maintaining continuity and security during a Prisma Access data plane software upgrade?

A. Back up configurations, schedule upgrades during off-peak hours, and use a phased approach rather than attempting a network-wide rollout.
B. Use Strata Cloud Manager (SCM) to perform dynamic upgrades automatically and simultaneously across all locations at once to ensure network-wide uniformity.
C. Disable all security features during the upgrade to prevent conflicts and re-enable them after completion to ensure a smooth rollout process.
D. Perform the upgrade during peak business hours, quickly address any user-reported issues, and ensure immediate troubleshooting post-rollout.

Answer: A

Explanation:
The best practice for Prisma Access data plane upgrades involves backing up configurations,
scheduling upgrades during off-peak hours, and using a phased approach to minimize disruption and
maintain continuity. As per the Palo Alto Networks documentation:
“To minimize disruptions, it is recommended to perform Prisma Access upgrades during nonbusiness
hours and in a phased manner, starting with less critical sites to validate the process before
moving to critical locations. Backup configurations and validate the system™s readiness to avoid data
loss and maintain service continuity.
(Source: Prisma Access Best Practices)

QUESTION 2
An NGFW administrator is updating PAN-OS on company data center firewalls managed by Panoram a.
Prior to installing the update, what must the administrator verify to ensure the devices will continue to be supported by Panorama?

A. Device telemetry is enabled.
B. Panorama is configured as the primary device in the log collecting group for the data center firewalls.
C. All devices are in the same template stack.
D. Panorama is running the same or newer PAN-OS release as the one being installed.

Answer: D

Explanation:
The firewall must be running a PAN-OS version that is supported by Panorama. This means that
Panorama must be running the same or a newer PAN-OS version as the one being installed on the
firewalls to maintain compatibility.
“Before you upgrade the firewall, ensure that Panorama is running the same or a later PAN-OS
version than the firewall. Panorama must always be at the same or a higher version to maintain compatibility.
(Source: Panorama Admin Guide “ Upgrade Process)

QUESTION 3
In which two applications can Prisma Access threat logs for mobile user traffic be reviewed? (Choose two.)

A. Prisma Cloud dashboard
B. Strata Cloud Manager (SCM)
C. Strata Logging Service
D. Service connection firewall

Answer: B, C

Explanation:
Threat logs for Prisma Access mobile users can be reviewed in both Strata Cloud Manager (SCM) and
Strata Logging Service. Prisma Cloud and service connection firewalls are not directly tied to mobile user traffic logs.
“Prisma Access logs are available in the Strata Cloud Manager and can also be sent to the Strata
Logging Service for detailed analysis and threat visibility.
(Source: Prisma Access Administration Guide)

QUESTION 4
Which two tools can be used to configure Cloud NGFWs for AWS? (Choose two.)

A. Cortex XSIAM
B. Prisma Cloud management console
C. Panorama
D. Cloud service provider’s management console

Answer: C, D

Explanation:
Cloud NGFW for AWS can be configured using Panorama for centralized management, as well as the
AWS management console for native integration and configuration.
“You can configure Cloud NGFW for AWS using Panorama for centralized security management, or
directly through the AWS management console to deploy and manage security services for your AWS resources.
(Source: Cloud NGFW for AWS Guide)

QUESTION 5
Using Prisma Access, which solution provides the most security coverage of network protocols for the mobile workforce?

A. Explicit proxy
B. Client-based VPN
C. Enterprise browser
D. Clientless VPN

Answer: B

Explanation:
Client-based VPN solutions like GlobalProtect provide full coverage for the mobile workforce by
extending the enterprise security stack to remote endpoints. It establishes a secure tunnel, allowing
consistent security policies across the enterprise perimeter and the mobile workforce.
“GlobalProtect is a client-based VPN that provides secure, consistent protection for mobile users by
extending the security capabilities of Prisma Access to remote endpoints, covering all network protocols.”
(Source: GlobalProtect Admin Guide)

XDR-Engineer Palo Alto Networks Certified XDR Engineer Exam

Posted on May 28, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

Level: Specialist
Format: Certification
Platform: Security Operations

This certification validates experienced security operations engineers on their knowledge and skills in installation, deployment configuration, post-deployment management and configuration, data source onboarding and integration configuration, playbook creation, and detection engineering using Cortex XDR in security operations environments.

This certification is designed for security operations engineers, security engineers, XDR and SOC engineers, detection engineers, security architects, security operations support engineers, and individuals responsible for deployment, configuration, data onboarding, playbook creation, and troubleshooting in security operations environments.

Palo Alto Networks – Cortex XDR Engineer Certification
* Certification Name: Palo Alto Networks Certified XDR Engineer
* Target Audience: Security operations engineers experienced with Cortex XDR

* Exam Objectives:
* Installation and deployment configuration
* Post-deployment management
* Data source onboarding and integration
* Playbook creation
* Detection engineering
* Exam Format: Computer-based assessment with multiple-choice, matching, and ordering questions
* Duration: 90 minutes, including onboarding and NDA time

* Preparation Resources:
* Review topics and subtopics in the datasheet
* Complete courses in the digital learning path as needed

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Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
[Data Ingestion and Integration]
An administrator wants to employ reusable rules within custom parsing rules to apply consistent log
field extraction across multiple data sources. Which section of the parsing rule should the
administrator use to define those reusable rules in Cortex XDR?

A. RULE
B. INGEST
C. FILTER
D. CONST

Answer: D

QUESTION 2
[Data Ingestion and Integration]
What will be the output of the function below?
L_TRIM(“a* aapple”, “a”)

A. ‘ aapple’
B. ” aapple”
C. “pple”
D. ” aapple-“

Answer: A

QUESTION 3
[Data Ingestion and Integration]
How can a customer ingest additional events from a Windows DHCP server into Cortex XDR with minimal configuration?

A. Activate Windows Event Collector (WEC)
B. Install the XDR Collector
C. Enable HTTP collector integration
D. Install the Cortex XDR agent

Answer: B

QUESTION 4
[Cortex XDR Agent Configuration]
How are dynamic endpoint groups created and managed in Cortex XDR?

A. Endpoint groups require intervention to update the group with new endpoints when a new device is added to the network
B. Each endpoint can belong to multiple groups simultaneously, allowing different security policies to be applied to the same device at the same time
C. After an endpoint group is created, its assigned security policy cannot be changed without deleting and recreating the group
D. Endpoint groups are defined based on fields such as OS type, OS version, and network segment

Answer: D

QUESTION 5
[Dashboards and Reporting]
An engineer is building a dashboard to visualize the number of alerts from various sources.
One of the widgets from the dashboard is shown in the image below:
The engineer wants to configure a drilldown on this widget to allow dashboard users to select any of
the alert names and view those alerts with additional relevant details. The engineer has configured
the following XQL query to meet the requirement:
dataset = alerts
| fields alert_name, description, alert_source, severity, original_tags, alert_id, incident_id
| filter alert_name =
| sort desc _time
How will the engineer complete the third line of the query (filter alert_name =) to allow dynamic filtering on a selected alert name?

A. $y_axis.value
B. $x_axis.value
C. $x_axis.name
D. $y_axis.name

Answer: B

PCNSE-11.0 Palo Alto Networks Certified Security Engineer PAN-OS 11.0

Posted on February 25, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

Exam Code: PCNSE
Number of Questions: 75-80
Duration: 80 minutes
Format: Multiple Choice, Yes/No, Drag & Drop, Case Studies, and Multiple Response
Passing Score: 70%
Validity: 2 years

This certification validates the knowledge, understanding, and skills required to deploy and configure Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewalls.

This certification is designed for network security engineers, systems engineers, systems integrators, and support engineers who deploy and configure Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewalls.

Requirements
Students need to understand basic networking
Students needs to understand Networking Fundamentals

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Description

Palo Alto firewalls are Next Generation firewalls built from the ground up to address legacy firewalls issues. A great way to start the Palo Alto Networks Certified Network Security Engineer (PCNSE PAN-OS) preparation is to begin by properly following and understanding each topic in the syllabus. This course follows the syllabus in the Palo Alto and describe each topic to pass the exam the first time you take it. Also, the course concentrates on the “learn by doing”, therefore, it is a course with a lot of labs and configuration. Not just boring Power Points presentations. This course guide is an instrument to get you on the same page with Palo Alto and understand the nature of the Palo Alto PCNSE exam.

The PCNSE exam should be taken by anyone who wishes to demonstrate a deep understanding of Palo Alto Networks technologies, including customers who use Palo Alto Networks products, value-added resellers, pre-sales system engineers, system integrators, and support staff.

Who this course is for:
This course is for students trying to obtain the PCNSE
This course is for students trying to learn the Palo Alto Firewall
This course is for networking engineers searching to learn Palo Alto

The Palo Alto Networks Certified Network Security Engineer (PCNSE) certification validates an individual’s ability to design, deploy, configure, manage, and troubleshoot Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewalls. As of February 2025, the PCNSE exam aligns with PAN-OS version 11.0.

Target Audience:
This certification is intended for network security engineers, systems engineers, systems integrators, and support engineers responsible for deploying and configuring Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewalls.

Recommended Prerequisites:
Experience: 3 to 5 years in networking or security, with 6 to 12 months focused on Palo Alto Networks Security Operating Platform.
Training Courses:
Firewall Essentials: Configuration and Management (EDU-210)
Panorama: Managing Firewalls at Scale (EDU-220)
Firewall: Troubleshooting (EDU-330)

Certifications:
Palo Alto Networks Certified Cybersecurity Apprentice
Palo Alto Networks Certified Cybersecurity Practitioner
Palo Alto Networks Certified Network Security Generalist

Preparation Resources:
Official Resources:
Palo Alto Networks TechDocs
Palo Alto Networks Cyberpedia
Palo Alto Networks Knowledge Base
Palo Alto Networks Certification Handbook
Palo Alto Networks Candidate Agreement
Training Platforms:
Palo Alto Networks’ official training programs
Third-party courses such as those offered by IPSpecialist

For the most accurate and up-to-date information, refer to the official Palo Alto Networks PCNSE certification page.

Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
A network engineer has discovered that asymmetric routing is causing a Palo Alto Networks firewall
to drop traffic. The network architecture cannot be changed to correct this.
Which two actions can be taken on the firewall to allow the dropped traffic permanently? (Choose two.)

A. Navigate to Network > Zone Protection Click Add Select Packet Based Attack Protection > TCP/IP Drop Set “Reject Non-syn-TCP” to No Set “Asymmetric Path” to Bypass
B. > set session tcp-reject-non-syn no
C. Navigate to Network > Zone Protection Click Add Select Packet Based Attack Protection > TCP/IP Drop Set “Reject Non-syn-TCP” to Global Set “Asymmetric Path” to Global
D. # set deviceconfig setting session tcp-reject-non-syn no

Answer: A, D

Explanation:

QUESTION 2
A firewall engineer reviews the PAN-OS GlobalProtect application and sees that it implicitly uses
web-browsing and depends on SSL.
When creating a new rule, what is needed to allow the application to resolve dependencies?

A. Add SSL and web-browsing applications to the same rule.
B. Add web-browsing application to the same rule.
C. Add SSL application to the same rule.
D. SSL and web-browsing must both be explicitly allowed.

Answer: C

Explanation:
‘Implicitly Uses’ has web-browsing listed. This means that if you allow facebook-posting, that it will
also be allowing the web-browsing application implicitly.. In our case, we dont know which APP the
question referes too but ‘Implicitly means already uses HTTP.

QUESTION 3
What are three tasks that cannot be configured from Panorama by using a template stack? (Choose three.)

A. Change the firewall management IP address
B. Configure a device block list
C. Add administrator accounts
D. Rename a vsys on a multi-vsys firewall
E. Enable operational modes such as normal mode, multi-vsys mode, or FIPS-CC mode

Answer: A, D, E

Explanation:

QUESTION 4
DRAG DROP
Match the terms to their corresponding definitions
Answer:
Explanation:

QUESTION 5
Given the following snippet of a WildFire submission log did the end-user get access to the requested
information and why or why not?

A. Yes, because the action is set to alert
B. No, because this is an example from a defeated phishing attack
C. No, because the severity is high and the verdict is malicious.
D. Yes, because the action is set to allow.

Answer: D

QUESTION 6
Which statement is correct given the following message from the PanGPA log on the GlobalProtect app? Failed to connect to server at port:47 67

A. The PanGPS process failed to connect to the PanGPA process on port 4767
B. The GlobalProtect app failed to connect to the GlobalProtect Portal on port 4767
C. The PanGPA process failed to connect to the PanGPS process on port 4767
D. The GlobalProtect app failed to connect to the GlobalProtect Gateway on port 4767

Answer: C

QUESTION 7
An engineer reviews high availability (HA) settings to understand a recent HA failover event. Review the screenshot below.
Which timer determines the frequency at which the HA peers exchange messages in the form of an ICMP (ping)

A. Hello Interval
B. Promotion Hold Time
C. Heartbeat Interval
D. Monitor Fail Hold Up Time

Answer: B

QUESTION 8
ln a security-first network, what is the recommended threshold value for apps and threats to be dynamically updated?

A. 1 to 4 hours
B. 6 to 12 hours
C. 24 hours
D. 36 hours

Answer: B

Explanation:
Schedule content updates so that they download-and-install automatically. Then, set a Threshold
that determines the amount of time the firewall waits before installing the latest content. In a
security-first network, schedule a six to twelve hour threshold.

QUESTION 9
Refer to the exhibit.
Based on the screenshots above what is the correct order in which the various rules are deployed to
firewalls inside the DATACENTER_DG device group?

A.
shared pre-rules
DATACENTER DG pre rules
rules configured locally on the firewall
shared post-rules
DATACENTER_DG post-rules
DATACENTER.DG default rules

B.
shared pre-rules
DATACENTER_DG pre-rules
rules configured locally on the firewall
shared post-rules
DATACENTER.DG post-rules
shared default rules
C.
shared pre-rules
DATACENTER_DG pre-rules
rules configured locally on the firewall
DATACENTER_DG post-rules
shared post-rules
shared default rules
D.
shared pre-rules
DATACENTER_DG pre-rules
rules configured locally on the firewall
DATACENTER_DG post-rules
shared post-rules
DATACENTER_DG default rules
A. Option A
B. Option B
C. Option C
D. Option D

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION 10
A company wants to add threat prevention to the network without redesigning the network routing.
What are two best practice deployment modes for the firewall? (Choose two.)

A. VirtualWire
B. Layer3
C. TAP
D. Layer2

Answer: AD

Explanation:
A and D are the best practice deployment modes for the firewall if the company wants to add threat
prevention to the network without redesigning the network routing. This is because these modes
allow the firewall to act as a transparent device that does not affect the existing network topology or routing1.
A: VirtualWire mode allows the firewall to be inserted into any existing network segment without
changing the IP addressing or routing of that segment2. The firewall inspects traffic between two
interfaces that are configured as a pair, called a virtual wire. The firewall applies security policies to
the traffic and forwards it to the same interface from which it was received2.
D: Layer 2 mode allows the firewall to act as a switch that forwards traffic based on MAC addresses3.
The firewall inspects traffic between interfaces that are configured as Layer 2 interfaces and belong
to the same VLAN. The firewall applies security policies to the traffic and forwards it to the
appropriate interface based on the MAC address table3.
Verified Reference:

PSE-Strata-Pro-24 Palo Alto Networks Systems Engineer Professional – Hardware Firewall

Posted on January 29, 2025 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

PSE-Strata-Pro-24 Palo Alto Networks Systems Engineer Professional – Hardware Firewall

The PSE-Strata-Pro-24 certification, officially known as the Palo Alto Networks Systems Engineer Professional – Hardware Firewall, validates your expertise in deploying, configuring, and managing Palo Alto Networks’ hardware firewall solutions. This certification is particularly valuable for professionals aiming to demonstrate their proficiency in network security and firewall technologies.

Exam Details:
Format: Multiple-choice questions
Duration: 80 minutes
Number of Questions: Approximately 50-60
Passing Score: 72%
Language: English

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Exam Topics:
As of 2024, the PSE-Strata-Pro-24 exam covers the following key topics:

Palo Alto Networks Platform Overview:
Introduction to Palo Alto Networks security platforms and architecture
Understanding the components and functionalities of Palo Alto Networks devices
Overview of the Palo Alto Networks security operating system (PAN-OS)

Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW) Concepts and Configuration:
Understanding the concept of NGFW and its benefits
Configuring security policies, network address translation (NAT), and zones
Implementing User-ID and App-ID for application control

Preparation Tips:
Official Study Materials: Utilize Palo Alto Networks’ official study guides and training courses to ensure comprehensive coverage of exam topics.
Hands-On Experience: Gain practical experience with Palo Alto Networks hardware firewalls to understand their configuration and management deeply.
Practice Exams: Engage in practice tests to familiarize yourself with the exam format and identify areas needing further study.

For more information and resources, you can visit the Palo Alto Networks LIVEcommunity’s certification section.
live.paloaltonetworks.com

By thoroughly preparing and understanding the exam structure and content, you can enhance your chances of achieving the PSE-Strata-Pro-24 certification and advancing your career in network security.

Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
A company plans to deploy identity for improved visibility and identity-based controls for least
privilege access to applications and data. The company does not have an on-premises Active Directory (AD) deployment, and devices are
connected and managed by using a combination of Entra ID and Jamf.
Which two supported sources for identity are appropriate for this environment? (Choose two.)

A. Captive portal
B. User-ID agents configured for WMI client probing
C. GlobalProtect with an internal gateway deployment
D. Cloud Identity Engine synchronized with Entra ID

Answer: C, D

Explanation:
In this scenario, the company does not use on-premises Active Directory and manages devices with
Entra ID and Jamf, which implies a cloud-native and modern management setup. Below is the evaluation of each option:
Option A: Captive portal
Captive portal is typically used in environments where identity mapping is needed for unmanaged
devices or guest users. It provides a mechanism for users to authenticate themselves through a web interface.
However, in this case, the company is managing devices using Entra ID and Jamf, which means
identity information can already be centralized through other means. Captive portal is not an ideal solution here.
This option is not appropriate.
Option B: User-ID agents configured for WMI client probing
WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) client probing is a mechanism used to map IP
addresses to usernames in a Windows environment. This approach is specific to on-premises Active
Directory deployments and requires direct communication with Windows endpoints.
Since the company does not have an on-premises AD and is using Entra ID and Jamf, this method is not applicable.
This option is not appropriate.
Option C: GlobalProtect with an internal gateway deployment
GlobalProtect is Palo Alto Networks’ VPN solution, which allows for secure remote access. It also
supports identity-based mapping when deployed with internal gateways.
In this case, GlobalProtect with an internal gateway can serve as a mechanism to provide user and
device visibility based on the managed devices connecting through the gateway.
This option is appropriate.
Option D: Cloud Identity Engine synchronized with Entra ID
The Cloud Identity Engine provides a cloud-based approach to synchronize identity information from
identity providers like Entra ID (formerly Azure AD).
In a cloud-native environment with Entra ID and Jamf, the Cloud Identity Engine is a natural fit as it
integrates seamlessly to provide identity visibility for applications and data.
This option is appropriate.
Reference:
Palo Alto Networks documentation on Cloud Identity Engine
GlobalProtect configuration and use cases in Palo Alto Knowledge Base

QUESTION 2
A systems engineer (SE) is working with a customer that is fully cloud-deployed for all applications.
The customer is interested in Palo Alto Networks NGFWs but describes the following challenges:
“Our apps are in AWS and Azure, with whom we have contracts and minimum-revenue guarantees.
We would use the built-in firewall on the cloud service providers (CSPs), but the need for centralized
policy management to reduce human error is more important.”
Which recommendations should the SE make?

A. Cloud NGFWs at both CSPs; provide the customer a license for a Panorama virtual appliance from their CSP’s marketplace of choice to centrally manage the systems.
B. Cloud NGFWs in AWS and VM-Series firewall in Azure; the customer selects a PAYG licensing Panorama deployment in their CSP of choice.
C. VM-Series firewalls in both CSPs; manually built Panorama in the CSP of choice on a host of either type: Palo Alto Networks provides a license.
D. VM-Series firewall and CN-Series firewall in both CSPs; provide the customer a private-offer Panorama virtual appliance from their CSPs marketplace of choice to centrally manage the systems.

Answer: A

Explanation:
The customer is seeking centralized policy management to reduce human error while maintaining
compliance with their contractual obligations to AWS and Azure. Here’s the evaluation of each option:
Option A: Cloud NGFWs at both CSPs; provide the customer a license for a Panorama virtual
appliance from their CSP’s marketplace of choice to centrally manage the systems
Cloud NGFW is a fully managed Next-Generation Firewall service by Palo Alto Networks, offered in
AWS and Azure marketplaces. It integrates natively with the CSP infrastructure, making it a good fit
for customers with existing CSP agreements.
Panorama, Palo Alto Networks’ centralized management solution, can be deployed as a virtual
appliance in the CSP marketplace of choice, enabling centralized policy management across all NGFWs.
This option addresses the customer’s need for centralized management while leveraging their
existing contracts with AWS and Azure.
This option is appropriate.
Option B: Cloud NGFWs in AWS and VM-Series firewall in Azure; the customer selects a PAYG
licensing Panorama deployment in their CSP of choice
This option suggests using Cloud NGFW in AWS but VM-Series firewalls in Azure. While VM-Series is
a flexible virtual firewall solution, it may not align with the customers stated preference for CSPmanaged services like Cloud NGFW.
This option introduces a mix of solutions that could complicate centralized management and reduce operational efficiency.
This option is less appropriate.
Option C: VM-Series firewalls in both CSPs; manually built Panorama in the CSP of choice on a host of
either type: Palo Alto Networks provides a license
VM-Series firewalls are well-suited for cloud deployments but require more manual configuration
compared to Cloud NGFW.
Building a Panorama instance manually on a host increases operational overhead and does not
leverage the customers existing CSP marketplaces.
This option is less aligned with the customer’s needs.
Option D: VM-Series firewall and CN-Series firewall in both CSPs; provide the customer a privateoffer
Panorama virtual appliance from their CSPs marketplace of choice to centrally manage the systems
This option introduces both VM-Series and CN-Series firewalls in both CSPs. While CN-Series firewalls
are designed for Kubernetes environments, they may not be relevant if the customer does not
specifically require container-level security.
Adding CN-Series firewalls may introduce unnecessary complexity and costs.
This option is not appropriate.
Reference:
Palo Alto Networks documentation on Cloud NGFW
Panorama overview in Palo Alto Knowledge Base
VM-Series firewalls deployment guide in CSPs: Palo Alto Documentation

QUESTION 3
A customer claims that Advanced WildFire miscategorized a file as malicious and wants proof,
because another vendor has said that the file is benign.
How could the systems engineer assure the customer that Advanced WildFire was accurate?

A. Review the threat logs for information to provide to the customer.
B. Use the WildFire Analysis Report in the log to show the customer the malicious actions the file took when it was detonated.
C. Open a TAG ticket for the customer and allow support engineers to determine the appropriate action.
D. Do nothing because the customer will realize Advanced WildFire is right.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Advanced WildFire is Palo Alto Networks’ cloud-based malware analysis and prevention solution. It
determines whether files are malicious by executing them in a sandbox environment and observing
their behavior. To address the customer’s concern about the file categorization, the systems engineer
must provide evidence of the file’s behavior. Heres the analysis of each option:
Option A: Review the threat logs for information to provide to the customer
Threat logs can provide a summary of events and verdicts for malicious files, but they do not include
the detailed behavior analysis needed to convince the customer.
While reviewing the logs is helpful as a preliminary step, it does not provide the level of proof the customer needs.
This option is not sufficient on its own.
Option B: Use the WildFire Analysis Report in the log to show the customer the malicious actions the
file took when it was detonated
WildFire generates an analysis report that includes details about the file’s behavior during
detonation in the sandbox, such as network activity, file modifications, process executions, and any
indicators of compromise (IoCs).
This report provides concrete evidence to demonstrate why the file was flagged as malicious. It is the
most accurate way to assure the customer that WildFire’s decision was based on observed malicious actions.
This is the best option.
Option C: Open a TAG ticket for the customer and allow support engineers to determine the appropriate action
While opening a support ticket is a valid action for further analysis or appeal, it is not a direct way to
assure the customer of the current WildFire verdict.
This option does not directly address the customers request for immediate proof.
This option is not ideal.
Option D: Do nothing because the customer will realize Advanced WildFire is right
This approach is dismissive of the customer’s concerns and does not provide any evidence to support WildFire’s decision.
This option is inappropriate.
Reference:
Palo Alto Networks documentation on WildFire
WildFire Analysis Reports

QUESTION 4
Which three known variables can assist with sizing an NGFW appliance? (Choose three.)

A. Connections per second
B. Max sessions
C. Packet replication
D. App-ID firewall throughput
E. Telemetry enabled

Answer: A, B, D

Explanation:
When sizing a Palo Alto Networks NGFW appliance, it’s crucial to consider variables that affect its
performance and capacity. These include the network’s traffic characteristics, application
requirements, and expected workloads. Below is the analysis of each option:
Option A: Connections per second
Connections per second (CPS) is a critical metric for determining how many new sessions the firewall
can handle per second. High CPS requirements are common in environments with high traffic
turnover, such as web servers or applications with frequent session terminations and creations.
This is an important sizing variable.
Option B: Max sessions
Max sessions represent the total number of concurrent sessions the firewall can support. For
environments with a large number of users or devices, this metric is critical to prevent session exhaustion.
This is an important sizing variable.
Option C: Packet replication
Packet replication is used in certain configurations, such as TAP mode or port mirroring for traffic
inspection. While it impacts performance, it is not a primary variable for firewall sizing as it is a specific use case.
This is not a key variable for sizing.
Option D: App-ID firewall throughput
App-ID throughput measures the firewall’s ability to inspect traffic and apply policies based on
application signatures. It directly impacts the performance of traffic inspection under real-world Conditions.
This is an important sizing variable.
Option E: Telemetry enabled
While telemetry provides data for monitoring and analysis, enabling it does not significantly impact
the sizing of the firewall. It is not a core variable for determining firewall performance or capacity.
This is not a key variable for sizing.
Reference:
Palo Alto Networks documentation on Firewall Sizing Guidelines
Knowledge Base article on Performance and Capacity Sizing

QUESTION 5
Which statement applies to the default configuration of a Palo Alto Networks NGFW?

A. Security profiles are applied to all policies by default, eliminating implicit trust of any data traversing the firewall.
B. The default policy action for intrazone traffic is deny, eliminating implicit trust within a security zone.
C. The default policy action allows all traffic unless explicitly denied.
D. The default policy action for interzone traffic is deny, eliminating implicit trust between security zones.

Answer: D

Explanation:
The default configuration of a Palo Alto Networks NGFW includes a set of default security rules that
determine how traffic is handled when no explicit rules are defined. Here’s the explanation for each option:
Option A: Security profiles are applied to all policies by default, eliminating implicit trust of any data traversing the firewall
Security profiles (such as Antivirus, Anti-Spyware, and URL Filtering) are not applied to any policies
by default. Administrators must explicitly apply them to security rules.
This statement is incorrect.
Option B: The default policy action for intrazone traffic is deny, eliminating implicit trust within a security zone
By default, traffic within the same zone (intrazone traffic) is allowed. For example, traffic between
devices in the “trust” zone is permitted unless explicitly denied by an administrator.
This statement is incorrect.
Option C: The default policy action allows all traffic unless explicitly denied
Palo Alto Networks firewalls do not have an “allow all” default rule. Instead, they include a default
“deny all” rule for interzone traffic and an implicit “allow” rule for intrazone traffic.
This statement is incorrect.
Option D: The default policy action for interzone traffic is deny, eliminating implicit trust between security zones
By default, traffic between different zones (interzone traffic) is denied. This aligns with the principle
of zero trust, ensuring that no traffic is implicitly allowed between zones. Administrators must define explicit rules to allow interzone traffic.
This statement is correct.
Reference:
Palo Alto Networks documentation on Security Policy Defaults
Knowledge Base article on Default Security Rules

PSE-SWFW-Pro-24 Palo Alto Networks Systems Engineer Professional – Software Firewall Exam

Posted on December 18, 2024 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

The PSE-SWFW-Pro-24 exam, officially titled “Palo Alto Networks Systems Engineer Professional – Software Firewall,” is designed to assess your expertise in deploying and managing Palo Alto Networks’ software firewall solutions.

Exam Details:
– Duration: The exam allows for 80 minutes (1 hour and 20 minutes) to complete all questions, with an additional 5 minutes allocated to read and agree to the Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA).
– Question Format: The exam comprises multiple-choice questions.
– Number of Questions: The exam consists of 63 questions.

Preparation Tips:
– Study Materials: Utilize official Palo Alto Networks training resources and consider reputable third-party study guides to ensure comprehensive coverage of exam topics.
– Practice Exams: Engage in practice tests to familiarize yourself with the exam format and identify areas requiring further study.
– Hands-On Experience: Practical experience with Palo Alto Networks’ software firewall solutions is invaluable for understanding real-world applications of exam concepts.

Additional Resources:
– Palo Alto Networks Certification Page: For the most accurate and up-to-date information, visit the official Palo Alto Networks certification page.

By thoroughly preparing and utilizing available resources, you can enhance your chances of success on the PSE-SWFW-Pro-24 exam.

The PSE-SWFW-Pro-24 exam, officially known as the “Palo Alto Networks Systems Engineer Professional – Software Firewall,” evaluates your proficiency in deploying and managing Palo Alto Networks’ software firewall solutions.

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Exam Topics:
1. Technical Business Value (17%):
– Articulating the business benefits of software firewalls.
– Understanding customer challenges and how software firewalls address them.
– Demonstrating return on investment (ROI) and total cost of ownership (TCO) advantages.

2. Competitive Differentiators (22%):
– Identifying key differentiators of Palo Alto Networks’ software firewalls compared to competitors.
– Understanding market positioning and unique selling points.
– Addressing common objections and misconceptions.

3. Architecture and Planning (23%):
– Designing software firewall solutions tailored to specific customer environments.
– Planning for scalability, high availability, and integration with existing infrastructure.
– Understanding deployment options and best practices.

4. Implementation and Configuration (20%):
– Installing and configuring software firewalls in various environments.
– Implementing security policies, rules, and profiles.
– Integrating with other security tools and platforms.

5. Operations and Management (18%):
– Monitoring and maintaining software firewall deployments.
– Performing regular updates and patches.
– Troubleshooting common issues and optimizing performance.

These topics are designed to assess your comprehensive understanding of Palo Alto Networks’ software firewall solutions, from business value articulation to technical implementation and ongoing management.

For a more detailed breakdown and the most current information, it’s advisable to consult the official Palo Alto Networks certification resources.

Sample Question and Answers

QUESTION 1
Which three solutions does Strata Cloud Manager (SCM) support? (Choose three.)

A. Prisma Cloud
B. CN-Series firewalls
C. Prisma Access
D. PA-Series firewalls
E. VM-Series firewalls

Answer: B, D, E

Explanation:
Strata Cloud Manager (SCM) is designed to simplify the management and operations of Palo Alto
Networks next-generation firewalls. It provides centralized management and visibility across various
deployment models. Based on official Palo Alto Networks documentation, SCM directly supports the
following firewall platforms:
B . CN-Series firewalls: SCM is used to manage containerized firewalls deployed in Kubernetes
environments. It facilitates tasks like policy management, upgrades, and monitoring for CN-Series
firewalls. This is clearly documented in Palo Alto Networks’ CN-Series documentation and SCM administration guides.
D . PA-Series firewalls: SCM provides comprehensive management capabilities for hardware-based
PA-Series firewalls. This includes tasks like device onboarding, configuration management, software
updates, and log analysis. This is a core function of SCM and is extensively covered in their official documentation.
E . VM-Series firewalls: SCM also supports VM-Series firewalls deployed in various public and private
cloud environments. It offers similar management capabilities as for PA-Series, including
configuration, policy enforcement, and lifecycle management. This is explicitly mentioned in Palo Alto Networks’ VM-Series and SCM documentation.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . Prisma Cloud: Prisma Cloud is a separate cloud security platform that focuses on cloud workload
protection, cloud security posture management (CSPM), and cloud infrastructure entitlement
management (CIEM). While there might be integrations between Prisma Cloud and other Palo Alto
Networks products, Prisma Cloud itself is not directly managed by Strata Cloud Manager. They are
distinct platforms with different focuses.
C . Prisma Access: Prisma Access is a cloud-delivered security platform that provides secure access to
applications and data for remote users and branch offices. Like Prisma Cloud, it’s a separate product,
and while it integrates with other Palo Alto Networks offerings, it is not managed by Strata Cloud
Manager. It has its own dedicated management plane.

QUESTION 2
A company has created a custom application that collects URLs from various websites and then lists
bad sites. They want to update a custom URL category on the firewall with the URLs collected.
Which tool can automate these updates?

A. Dynamic User Groups
B. SNMP SET
C. Dynamic Address Groups
D. XMLAPI

Answer: D

Explanation:
The scenario describes a need for programmatic and automated updating of a custom URL category
on a Palo Alto Networks firewall. The XML API is specifically designed for this kind of task. It allows
external systems and scripts to interact with the firewall’s configuration and operational data.
Here’s why the XML API is the appropriate solution and why the other options are not:
D . XML API: The XML API provides a well-defined interface for making changes to the firewall’s
configuration. This includes creating, modifying, and deleting URL categories and adding or removing
URLs within those categories. A script can be written to retrieve the list of “bad sites” from the
company’s application and then use the XML API to push those URLs into the custom URL category
on the firewall. This process can be automated on a schedule. This is the most efficient and
recommended method for this type of integration.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . Dynamic User Groups: Dynamic User Groups are used to dynamically group users based on
attributes like username, group membership, or device posture. They are not relevant for managing
URL categories.
B . SNMP SET: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is primarily used for monitoring and
retrieving operational data from network devices. While SNMP can be used to make some
configuration changes, it is not well-suited for complex configuration updates like adding multiple
URLs to a category. The XML API is the preferred method for configuration changes.
C . Dynamic Address Groups: Dynamic Address Groups are used to dynamically populate address
groups based on criteria like tags, IP addresses, or FQDNs. They are intended for managing IP
addresses and not URLs, so they are not applicable to this scenario.
Palo Alto Networks Reference:
The primary reference for this is the Palo Alto Networks XML API documentation. Searching the Palo
Alto Networks support site (live.paloaltonetworks.com) for “XML API” will provide access to the
latest documentation. This documentation details the various API calls available, including those for
managing URL categories.
Specifically, you would look for API calls related to:
Creating or modifying custom URL categories.
Adding or removing URLs from a URL category.
The XML API documentation provides examples and detailed information on how to construct the
XML requests and interpret the responses. This is crucial for developing a script to automate the URL updates.

QUESTION 3
What are three benefits of Palo Alto Networks VM-Series firewalls as they relate to direct integration
with third-party network virtualization solution providers? (Choose three.)

A. Integration with Cisco ACI allows insertion of a virtual firewall and enforcement of dynamic
policies between endpoint groups without the need for manual policy adjustments.
B. Integration with a third-party network virtualization solution allows management and deployment
of the entire virtual network and hosts directly from Panorama.
C. Integration with Nutanix AHV allows the firewall to be dynamically informed of changes in the
environment and ensures policy is applied to virtual machines (VMs) as they join the network.
D. Integration with VMware NSX provides comprehensive visibility and security of all virtualized data
center traffic including intra-host ESXi virtual machine (VM) communications.
E. Integration with network virtualization solution providers allows manual deployment and
management of firewall rules through multiple interfaces and front ends specific to each technology.

Answer: A, C, D

Explanation:
The question focuses on the benefits of VM-Series firewalls concerning direct integration with thirdparty
network virtualization solutions.
A . Integration with Cisco ACI allows insertion of a virtual firewall and enforcement of dynamic
policies between endpoint groups without the need for manual policy adjustments. This is a key
benefit. The integration between Palo Alto Networks VM-Series and Cisco ACI automates the
insertion of the firewall into the traffic path and enables dynamic policy enforcement based on ACI
endpoint groups (EPGs). This eliminates manual policy adjustments and simplifies operations.
C . Integration with Nutanix AHV allows the firewall to be dynamically informed of changes in the
environment and ensures policy is applied to virtual machines (VMs) as they join the network. This is
also a core advantage. The integration with Nutanix AHV allows the VM-Series firewall to be aware of
VM lifecycle events (creation, deletion, migration). This dynamic awareness ensures that security
policies are automatically applied to VMs as they are provisioned or moved within the Nutanix environment.
D . Integration with VMware NSX provides comprehensive visibility and security of all virtualized data
center traffic including intra-host ESXi virtual machine (VM) communications. This is a significant
benefit. The integration between VM-Series and VMware NSX provides granular visibility and
security for all virtualized traffic, including east-west (VM-to-VM) traffic within the same ESXi host.
This level of microsegmentation is crucial for securing modern data centers.
Why other options are incorrect:
B . Integration with a third-party network virtualization solution allows management and
deployment of the entire virtual network and hosts directly from Panorama. While Panorama
provides centralized management for VM-Series firewalls, it does not manage the underlying virtual
network infrastructure or hosts of third-party providers like VMware NSX or Cisco ACI. These
platforms have their own management planes. Panorama manages the security policies and
firewalls, not the entire virtualized infrastructure.
E . Integration with network virtualization solution providers allows manual deployment and
management of firewall rules through multiple interfaces and front ends specific to each technology.
This is the opposite of what integration aims to achieve. The purpose of integration is to automate
and simplify management, not to require manual configuration through multiple interfaces. Direct
integration aims to reduce manual intervention and streamline operations.
Palo Alto Networks Reference:
To verify these points, you can refer to the following types of documentation on the Palo Alto
Networks support site (live.paloaltonetworks.com):
VM-Series Deployment Guides: These guides often have sections dedicated to integrations with
specific virtualization platforms like VMware NSX, Cisco ACI, and Nutanix AHV.
Solution Briefs and White Papers: Palo Alto Networks publishes documents outlining the benefits
and technical details of these integrations.
Technology Partner Pages: On the Palo Alto Networks website, there are often pages dedicated to
technology partners like VMware, Cisco, and Nutanix, which describe the joint solutions and integrations.

QUESTION 4
Which three statements describe common characteristics of Cloud NGFW and VM-Series offerings?
(Choose three.)

A. In Azure, both offerings can be integrated directly into Virtual WAN hubs.
B. In Azure and AWS, both offerings can be managed by Panorama.
C. In AWS, both offerings can be managed by AWS Firewall Manager.
D. In Azure, inbound destination NAT configuration also requires source NAT to maintain flow symmetry.
E. In Azure and AWS, internal (east-west) flows can be inspected without any NAT.

Answer: B, D, E

Explanation:
This question asks about common characteristics of Cloud NGFW (specifically referring to Cloud
NGFW for AWS and Azure) and VM-Series firewalls.
B . In Azure and AWS, both offerings can be managed by Panorama. This is correct. Panorama is the
centralized management platform for Palo Alto Networks firewalls, including both VM-Series and
Cloud NGFW deployments in AWS and Azure. Panorama allows for consistent policy management,
logging, and reporting across these different deployment models.
D . In Azure, inbound destination NAT configuration also requires source NAT to maintain flow
symmetry. This is accurate specifically within the Azure environment. Due to how Azure networking
functions, when performing destination NAT (DNAT) for inbound traffic to resources behind a firewall
(whether VM-Series or Cloud NGFW), it’s typically necessary to also implement source NAT (SNAT) to
ensure return traffic follows the same path. This maintains flow symmetry and prevents routing
issues. This is an Azure networking characteristic, not specific to the Palo Alto offerings themselves,
but it applies to both in Azure.
E . In Azure and AWS, internal (east-west) flows can be inspected without any NAT. This is generally
true. For traffic within the same Virtual Network (Azure) or VPC (AWS), both VM-Series and Cloud
NGFW can inspect traffic without requiring NAT. This is a key advantage for microsegmentation and
internal security. The firewalls can act as transparent security gateways for internal traffic.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . In Azure, both offerings can be integrated directly into Virtual WAN hubs. While VM-Series
firewalls can be integrated into Azure Virtual WAN hubs as secured virtual hubs, Cloud NGFW for
Azure is not directly integrated into Virtual WAN hubs in the same way. Cloud NGFW for Azure uses a
different architecture, deploying as a service within a virtual network.
C . In AWS, both offerings can be managed by AWS Firewall Manager. AWS Firewall Manager is a
service for managing AWS WAF, AWS Shield, and network firewalls (AWS Network Firewall). While
AWS Firewall Manager can be used to manage AWS Network Firewall, it is not the management
plane for Palo Alto Networks VM-Series or Cloud NGFW for AWS. These are managed by Panorama.
Palo Alto Networks Reference:
To validate these points, refer to the following documentation areas on the Palo Alto Networks
support site (live.paloaltonetworks.com):
Panorama Administrator’s Guide: This guide details the management capabilities of Panorama,
including managing VM-Series and Cloud NGFW deployments in AWS and Azure.
Cloud NGFW for AWS/Azure Documentation: This documentation outlines the architecture and
deployment models of Cloud NGFW, including its management and integration with cloud platforms.
VM-Series Deployment Guides for AWS/Azure: These guides describe the deployment and
configuration of VM-Series firewalls in AWS and Azure, including networking considerations and
integration with cloud services.

QUESTION 5
When registering a software NGFW to the deployment profile without internet access (i.e., offline registration), what information must be provided in the customer support portal?

A. Authcode and serial number of the VM-Series firewall
B. Hypervisor installation ID and software version
C. Number of data plane and management plane interfaces
D. CPUID and UUID of the VM-Series firewall

Answer: A

Explanation:
The question is about offline registration of a software NGFW (specifically VM-Series) when there’s
no internet connectivity.
A . Authcode and serial number of the VM-Series firewall: This is the correct answer. For offline
registration, you need to generate an authorization code (authcode) from the Palo Alto Networks
Customer Support Portal. This authcode is tied to the serial number of the VM-Series firewall. You
provide both the authcode and the serial number to complete the offline registration process on the firewall itself.
Why other options are incorrect:
B . Hypervisor installation ID and software version: While the hypervisor and software version are
relevant for the overall deployment, they are not the specific pieces of information required in the
customer support portal for generating the authcode needed for offline registration.
C . Number of data plane and management plane interfaces: The number of interfaces is a
configuration detail on the firewall itself and not information provided during the offline registration
process in the support portal.
D . CPUID and UUID of the VM-Series firewall: While UUID is important for VM identification, it is not
used for generating the authcode for offline registration. The CPUID is also not relevant in this
context. The authcode is specifically linked to the serial number.

PSE-StrataDC Palo Alto Networks System Engineer – Strata Data Center Exam Dumps

Posted on June 9, 2023 by Lindsay Posted in Palo Alto Networks

The PSE-StrataDC (Palo Alto Networks System Engineer – Strata Data Center) certification exam focuses on testing the knowledge and skills of individuals in deploying, configuring, and troubleshooting Palo Alto Networks’ Strata Data Center products and solutions. While I don’t have access to the specific details of the exam after my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, I can provide you with a general overview of the topics that are typically covered in the PSE-StrataDC exam. It’s important to note that the exam content may evolve over time, so it’s always a good idea to consult the official Palo Alto Networks website or the exam guide for the most up-to-date information. Here are some of the key topics that might be covered:

1. Strata Data Center Architecture: Understanding the architecture, components, and features of Palo Alto Networks’ Strata Data Center solutions.

2. Virtualization Technologies: Knowledge of virtualization technologies such as VMware vSphere and NSX, Citrix XenServer, Microsoft Hyper-V, and KVM.

3. Networking Concepts: Understanding fundamental networking concepts, including IP addressing, VLANs, routing, switching, and network protocols (TCP/IP, UDP, etc.).

4. Security Concepts: Familiarity with security concepts, such as firewalls, VPNs, NAT, IDS/IPS, threat prevention, and security policies.

5. Palo Alto Networks Products: Knowledge of Palo Alto Networks’ data center products, including the Panorama management platform, VM-Series virtual firewalls, and the integration with other Palo Alto Networks solutions.

6. Deployment and Configuration: Understanding how to deploy, configure, and manage Palo Alto Networks’ Strata Data Center solutions in a virtualized environment.

7. High Availability and Redundancy: Knowledge of implementing high availability and redundancy for Palo Alto Networks’ data center solutions, including active/active and active/passive configurations.

8. Troubleshooting and Maintenance: Ability to troubleshoot common issues, perform log analysis, and use debugging tools to identify and resolve problems in a Strata Data Center deployment.

9. Integration with Third-Party Solutions: Understanding the integration of Palo Alto Networks’ Strata Data Center solutions with other third-party products and solutions commonly found in data center environments.

It’s essential to consult the official Palo Alto Networks documentation, study guides, and training resources to obtain the most accurate and up-to-date information on the exam topics and objectives.

The PSE-StrataDC certification exam focuses on testing individuals’ knowledge and skills in deploying, configuring, and troubleshooting Palo Alto Networks’ Strata Data Center solutions. This comprehensive exam covers various crucial topics such as the architecture of Strata Data Center, virtualization technologies, networking concepts, security principles, and Palo Alto Networks products. Candidates are expected to demonstrate their understanding of deploying and configuring Strata Data Center solutions in virtualized environments, implementing high availability and redundancy, troubleshooting common issues, and integrating with third-party solutions. The exam aims to validate professionals’ expertise in effectively managing and securing data centers using Palo Alto Networks’ solutions, equipping them with the necessary skills to address challenges in modern data center environments.

Examkingdom Palo Alto PSE-StrataDC Exam pdf,

Best Palo Alto PSE-StrataDC Free downloads , Palo Alto PSE-StrataDC Dumps at Certkingdom.com

QUESTION 1
What is the default session distribution policy in the PA-7000 Series?

A. Hash
B. Egress-Slot
C. Round Robin
D. Ingress-Slot

Answer: D

Explanation:
(
PA-7000 Series firewalls only
) New sessions are assigned to a DP on the same NPC on which the first packet of the session arrived.
The selection of the DP is based on the session-load algorithm but, in this case, sessions are limited to the DPs on the ingress NPC.
Depending on the traffic and network topology, this policy generally decreases the odds that traffic will need to traverse the switch fabric.
Use this policy to reduce latency if both ingress and egress are on the same NPC. If the firewall has a mix of NPCs (PA-7000 20G and PA-7000 20GXM for example), this policy can isolate the increased
capacity to the corresponding NPCs and help to isolate the impact of NPC failures.

QUESTION 2
Which three deployment modes of VM-Series firewalls are supported across NSX-T? (Choose three )

A. Partner Service
B. Boot Strap
C. Prism Central
D. Tier-1 insertion
E. Tier-0 insertion

Answer: ADE

QUESTION 3
Which configuration is required to share NSX security groups as tags to be used by Dynamic Address Groups in a non-NSX firewall?

A. notify device groups within VMware Services Manager
B. a User-ID agent on a Windows domain server
C. VMware Information Sources
D. none, sharing happens by default